Subject(s)
Biological Products/supply & distribution , Blood Banks , Blood Donors/supply & distribution , COVID-19/epidemiology , Health Services Needs and Demand , Biological Products/blood , Biological Products/isolation & purification , Blood Banks/organization & administration , Blood Banks/standards , Blood Banks/statistics & numerical data , Blood Banks/supply & distribution , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19/blood , COVID-19/therapy , Health Services Needs and Demand/organization & administration , Health Services Needs and Demand/standards , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data , History, 21st Century , Humans , Immunization, Passive , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/blood , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/isolation & purification , Needs Assessment , Nomograms , Pandemics , Plasma/chemistry , Time Factors , United States/epidemiology , COVID-19 SerotherapyABSTRACT
Aim: There is a critical need for effective therapies that are immediately available to control the spread of COVID-19 disease. Material & methods: Gamunex®-C and Flebogamma® DIF (Grifols) intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) products were tested using ELISA techniques for antibodies against several antigens of human common betacoronaviruses that may crossreact with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Results: Both IVIGs showed consistent reactivity to components of the tested viruses. Positive crossreactivity was seen in SARS-CoV, middle east respiratory syndrome-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. For SARS-CoV-2, positive reactivity was observed at IVIG concentrations ranging from 100 µg/ml with Gamunex-C to 1 mg/ml with Flebogamma 5% DIF. Conclusion: Gamunex-C and Flebogamma DIF contain antibodies reacting against SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Studies to confirm the utility of IVIG preparations for COVID-19 management may be warranted.